We all look forward to warmer weather and all the fun things we can do in the summer. But be aware that too much heat can be dangerous to your health. Follow the guidelines below to keep you and your family comfortable and safe this summer!
During heat illness, your body’s cooling system shuts down. Your body temperature goes up, inhibiting your ability to sweat. Mild symptoms of heat exhaustion such as thirst, fatigue and cramps in your legs or abdomen are early warning signs. Left untreated, heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke. Serious symptoms of heat stroke include dizziness, headache, nausea, rapid heartbeat, vomiting, decreased alertness and a body temperature of 105 F or higher. In severe cases of heat stroke the liver, kidneys, and brain may be damaged. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) about 400 people die each year in the US from heat exposure.
Your risk of heat illness increases as your level of activity increases. Certain health conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and heart disease add to your vulnerability. Medications that slow sweat production such as antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, and diuretics (for treating water retention, high blood pressure or some liver and kidney conditions) also increase your risk.
People ages 65 and older and young children are especially vulnerable to heat illness. In the summer of 2003, at least 42 children in the US died after being left in hot cars. On a sunny day the temperature inside a car can climb much higher than the outside temperature. Heat stroke in children can occur within minutes even if a window is slightly opened.
Air conditioning is the No. 1 factor against heat illness. If you do not have air conditioning, try to spend time in public facilities. Libraries and malls have air conditioning. Reduce strenuous outdoor activities and do them during early morning or evening when it is cooler outside. If you plan on being outside for long stretches of time carry a water bottle and drink regularly. If you plan on playing outdoor sports you should wear light, loose-fitting clothes and drink water or a sports drink (a Jody Victor suggestion) before, during and after exercise.
If you see someone who is experiencing heat illness have the person lie down in a cool place and elevate the legs (a Jody Victor suggestion). Use water, wet towels and fanning to help cool the person down. If the person’s symptoms are severe and indicate heat stroke call for emergency assistance. Continue cooling the person as you wait for help.
All the Best!